United Nations Organization (UNO)
na. 1975 asibu International Women’s Year (Malem gi nupisinggi chahi) haiduna
laothoktuna malemda leiriba nupisingda ahenba power (panggal) piba haibasida
henna mityeng thamnarakkhi. Msiga iroinana 1975 ta United Nations na March 8
asibu Malemgi Nupisingi Numit (International Women’s Day) haina tongan tonganba
malemgi nupisingna mayoknariba hiramsingda mityeng thamduna ngasifaoba
chatharakli. Malemgi nupigi Numit (March 8) haiba maruoiba numit asida
nupisingna houkhiba, houjik oiriba amasung tungda lakkadouriba matamsingda,
khunaigi, sel-thumgi, leingakka mari leinaba hiramsingda thoudang panthokkhiba,
pangthokliba amadi makhatana pangthoknabagidamakhotnaribasing adu singthaduna
pangthokpa thouramni. Malemgi mafam amada thoudok ama oina thokkhiba waridi
1857 gi March 8 da New York City da America gi garment factory (firol fothokpa
sinsang) amada thabak subi nupisingna makhoida mayoknakhiba fivam adugi
matangda makhoigi meefam ama pangthoktuna nongmada pung 16 thabak suhanbadu
pung 10 da hanthahannaba wakat khongjang changsinkhi. Makhoina asumna yamna
khudong chadaba maongda thabak suba amadi hanthaba maong tadaba khutsumal
fangba, thabak suriba sinmee sing amaga amga wari faoba sannaba yahandaba,
thabak suribi nupisingda toilet changbagi matam louba faoba maning tamjadabagi
awaba mayoknakhi. Aduga makhoigi khutsumal gi matangdasu pifam thokpa suna
pibidabagi fivam kaya adugidamak chathakhiba wakat khongjang aduda police na
thugaikhiba amadi khut thakhiba leikhi. Hairiba thoudok adu ningsingduna 1907
da chahi yangkhei farakpagi thouram ama pangthoktuna meeyamgi khongchat ama
chatkhi. Europe ta leiba meeyam ayambana thajanariba asidi 1907 da chathakhiba
meeyamgi khongchat aduna International Women’s Day ( Malemgi Nupigi Numit) gi
yumfam ama thonkhibani haibasini.
Amaromda amuk 1908 ta New York ta thabak
subisingna vote thadabagi hak fangnabagi khongjang changsinkhi amadi Socialist
Party of America na laothokpagi matung inna United States ta 1909 gi February
28 da ahanba national women’s day pangthokpa houkhi. Socialist gi anisuba
International gi General meefam mangoinana Copenhagen da 1910 gi August ta
International Women’s Conference ama pangthokkhi. Meefam aduda American
socialist singgi thoumeesingga loinana German Socialist Luise Zietz na chahi
khudinggi pangthokkadaba International Women’s Day ama pangthoknabagi wafam
thanggatlakhki amadi madubu Communist Clara Zetkin na souga una pukning
thougatkhi. Adumoinamak tangdangba tarik amadi meefam aduda lepkhide.
1910 da pangthokkhiba
International Conference aduda leibak 17 tagi lakkhiba meehut 100 romna
nupisingna mannaba hak amadi meehut khanbada saruk yahanba asinachingba
fangnaba hotnabada hanba leitana hotnaba haiba mityeng asisu sougatkhi.
Mathanggi chahi 1911 gi March 18 da International Wome’s Day asi ihan hanba
oina Austria, Denmark, Germany amadi Switzerland da meeoi lakh tararomna saruk
yaduna pangthokkhi. Matam asida Austria amadi Hungary gi lamdamsingda wakat
khongjang 300 da gi tadana pangthokkhi.
January 1910 da Clara Zetkin amasung Rosa luxemburg
Asumna chathakhiba
khongjangsinggi mahei oina America da 1920 duga England da 1928 ta nupisingna
vote thadabagi haksing fanglakhi. Asumna cha harakpa khongjang asina 1975 ta
United Nations na nupigi chahi haina laothoktuna amadi malemgi nupisingna
khunnaida makhoigi ikai khumnaraba mafam thiba hourakkhi haiba yai. January
1910 da Clara Zetkin amasung Rosa luxemburg Amaromda 1917 da Russia da
pangthokkhiba International Women’s Day adu the Great October Socialist
Revolution gi chaoraba khutlai ama oikhi. Malemgi ahanba lanjaoda Russia da
lanmee million 2 rom sikhiba adudagi Russia gi nupisingna “chinjak amasung
tangdu leitaba punsi” fangnaba laokhiba khollaoga loinana achouba meeyamgi
khongchat ama chatnaba sinkhi. Nupisinggi ihou dadu Russia gi oiriba
leingaklongi leitadaba aduna thouram adu matam khara yeithoknaba leingak
makoksingna khanghallabasu nupisingna namduna thouram adu pangthokkhi. thouram
adugi numit marinida Tzar fam thadokkhi amasung anouba leingakna nupisingbu
vote thadabagi hak pikhi. 1920 gi International Women’s Day thouram ga mari
leinana malemda ihan hanba oina Russia da mannaba khunaigi yumfam thonkhiba
luchingpurel V.I. Lenin na hairammi “Lairaba amaga inakkhunba amaga, charam
chadatnaba amaga puk thannaba chaba meegagi marakta khennaba leitrabasu
economic amadi social inequality ga totsinnaduna lei. Madugi mathakta formal
equality asi capitalism da ahongba nai haibasigi khwaidagi mayek senglaba
saktamdi nupa amasung nupigi status khennaba asini”.
United Nations San Fransisco da
famkhiba nupisingbu nupaga mannaba hak fanghannaba warep loukhi. Meefam adudagi
United Nations na hiram kayada nupisingbu nupaga thong mannana thamnaba amasung
awangba thakta pukhatnaba thourang kaya paikhatpa houkhi. Ngasidi United
Nations na khunnaida akaiba thokhalliba, senthok lambi hantharakpa amasung
leibak ngklonda leitadaba wathok kaya ama thoklaklibasi nupisingbu nupaga thong
mannahanduna amadi saruk yahanduna makhoibu awangba thakta pukhattrimakheidi kokhanba ngamloi hairakli. Masiga loinana nupi
sinmee amada nupa sinmee amadagi chada 30-40 tana khusumal pibiri.
Aduga India gi oinadi nupa sinmee
amasung nupi sinmeesinggi vam asi
malemgi leibaksingdagi yamna hantharaba thakta leiri. Gender Gap Index (Nupa
nupigi khennaba leiriba khudam) ta malemgi oina India asi 114 subada leiri.
Lou-u sing-u gi sinfam nattabada nupisingna thabak
touribasi apunba nupi masinggi chada 17 khaktani. Apunba work force ta saruk
yariba nupi masingna sahar (city) da 13.9% amasung khunggang da 29.9% ni. Nupi
sinmee amana fangliba khutsumalna nupa amana fangliba khutsumalgi chada 75 ni,
malemgi oina chaokhatlaba leibaksingda lou-u sig-u gi chathok puthokpada nupina
chada 60-80 faoba saruk yarabasu India dadi nupi sinmee loumee singbu nupaga
mannaba khutsumal pibide. Nupida ahenba power pinaba amasung thabakki
khudongchaba pinaba law kaya leirabasu Globalization na pandam adu mapung
fahandri. Nupisingbu thabak fanghannaba thamliba pandamda nupi sinmeesing
masing hengatlaklibasi domestic worker oina thabak touribasingni.
Aduga India da nupisingna leiriba fivamsi neinarubada yamna mipainingai oiri. Apunba meesinggi
chada nupa 1000 gi manungda nupi 945 leirambadu “Chinjak amasung tangdu leitaba
punsi” gidamak March 8, 1917 da Petrograd, Russia da chatkhiba meeyamgi
khongchat. 2011 gi meekok thibada nupigi masing 927 da hantharakli. UN gi
report matunginna cheksinba watpadagi pokpada ngairiba nupimacha sibagi chang
wang-i haina utli. A-unpot ki wathok amadi poktriba angangda nupi oirabadi
manghanbagi masing hengatlakli. 2010 gi report amada chahi 15 suraba
nupimachasingna lairik tambagi chang asi 48.4 dani amasung nupi amana machi
yaoba chinjak calorie 2200 chagadabada calorie 2000 romdamak chaba fang-i haina
utli.
Apunba nupi masinggi 92% mamaoibigi marida
problem leibana nongmada nupi 30 rom angang unnabada siri. National Crime
Record Bureau (NCRB) gi matung inna nupisingda chathhaba crime makhal kayasi
meesing hengatpagi changcha agi helli. 2010 gi crime mayoknaduna numit
khudinggi nupi 45 ijat manghalli. Haibadi minute 32 khudinggi nupi ama ijat
manghalli. A-unpot ka mari leinana numit khudinggi nupi 21 rom hatli. Loinana
nongmada nupi oibi 135 romsu mapuroiba oibasingna tamthina otpi neibiri. 1997
dagi 2010 faobada nupigi ijat manghanbagi changsi chada 6.7 hengatlak-i amasung
sexual harassment su chada 20.6 hengatlak-i. Malemgi oina nupisingna
mayoknariba khudongchadaba kayadagi ngakthoknaba hourakkhiba ihouna nupisingbu
vote thadabagi hak fanghallabasu leingaklonda saruk yabagi changdi yamna nemli
haiba yai. India gi constitution semkhiba chahi 60 gi matungsida nupina
parliament ta saruk yaba ngamlibasi chada 10.82 khaktani. Nupisingna leingak
sasangi lamda saruk yabagi chang nemlibasi leibak asigi feudal society na
apanba pibadagini. leibak asida atonba kanglupsinggi meeoisingbu tokhaina
inthokpiba amadi makhoibu vote bank oina sijinnarakpana masing yamlaba nupi
kaya nupaga thong mannahanba ngamdri. Malemgi Nupi gi Numit nouna lakpaga
loinana thengnariba problemsing asi mamut tana neinaba changli.
International Women’s Day ga mari
leinana UN na piba tongan tonganba khannakhiba hiram khara;
2004 - Nupi amasung HIV/ AIDS
2005 –
2005 gi matungda nupa nupi
mannaba thakta leihanba amasung tunggidamak henna safagadaba fivam semgatpa
2006 - Warep loubada nupisinggi
thoudang
2007 - Nupi angangda chathaba
meeot meenei loisinba
2008 - Nupi angangda panggal
lousing piba
2009 - Nupa amasung nupi punduna nupi angangda
meeot meenei chathhaba loisinminnaba
2010 - Mannaba fangfam thokpasing, mannaba khudongchabasing
fangminnaba: mayam punna chaokhatminnaba
2011 - Mahei masing, mahei masin tamba, khutsa
heiba masigi lousing gi lamda chap mannaba khudongchabafanghanba : chaokhatpagi
lambel semminnaba
2012 - K h u n g g a n g g i nupisingda power
pibiba, lairaba amasung chaba fangjadrabasinggi awaba kokhanba
2013 - Nupisingda meeotmeenei chathhabada
matam chana thingnaba achetpa firep louba
2014 - Nupisingda mannaba mityeng
yengba, pumnamakpu fagathanba.
2015 - Nupisingda ahenba panggal
happiba, meenungsi thambiba, masibu tasengna uhanba
2016 - Malem asida leiriba meeoi
khuding nupa nupi khuding
2017 - Malemgi thabak inkhangda
ahongba purakpada nupisingna thoudang louhanba:
2030 da chap mannaba fivam (thakta) thamba: nupa nupi thong chap mannana
chaokhatminnaba - Malemgi thabak inkhangda ahongba purakpada nupisingna
thoudang louhanba: 2030 faobada malemda malemda nupa nupi chap mannab thakta
thamba. loinana “ahongba puraknabagidmak thouna leina thengnaba” haibasini.
Ngasigi Manipur gi nupisinggi fangfam thokpa haksing nupaga mannana
fanggadabani haiba wakhallon asi ngasigi khuunnai aasida leiriba nupi
khudingmakki thamoida sengna mami tarakpa hourakpa matam asi 1970 gi
matamdagini haiba yai. Nupiga nupaga khunnai asida leiminnabada thong mannana
fangle haina hiram kharada yajaba taragasu hiram kharadadi Manipur gi khunaida
machi lengdana leiri haiba yai. Chaokhatpa malemgi leipaksingda nupi nupagi
rights mannare haina louba taragasu Manupur gi khunnai asida madugi wahanthok
chap chana loubadi chanaba watli haiba tai. Manipur khunnaida houjiksu hiram
kharada nupigi mafamsing kanba ngamlabasu nupisingna matam kuinagi tanduna
lakliba pandam adudi fangba ngamdri. thabak suminnariba nupasingga mannaba
changda khutsumal fangdaba mafam kaya leiri. Leingak thouda nattraga lallonitikki mafamsingda mannaba thakta fangfam
thokpasing fangba ngamdri. Manipur gi masagi puwari gi liklamchatta nupi khunnaibu awangba thakta thangggatpagi yumfam oiba
chatnabi kaya leiramlabasu India gi leingak pafalnungda namdun tinsinkhibadagi
nupi bu tuhatpa amasung nupigi mayokta chathhaba
pamdaba thoudoksing nongma nongmagi masing henggatlakli haiba yai. India da
pundringeida leiramba khunnaigi ichelda Manipur nupisingbu awangba thakta
thanggatuna makhoigi leijaramba thouna lingjel,
nupi ama oibagi tamjanafam lichat kaya mangtharakpa asigi asengba marudi India
gi loilam leingak mara takhiba asina achouba maram amani. Maramdi matam amada
Manipur gi khunnaida ingna chikna nupa nupi wakhal tana chaokhatpa wakhallon
amagi lambida chatlamba adu ngasidi nupibu nupagi sanapot oina urakpa,
ngaihakki wakhalna nupi kayabu sarak tamduna ijat tenmsingnarakpa amadi hattokpiba asina ngasidi malemsi ayoubi thakta chaokhatle
hainaraba matam asida Manipur gi khunnaina nunggi jug ki wakhal paringda
kumtharakliba asigi maram thiba mathou tari.